From white coats to scrubs: the transformation of doctor attire

Ever wondered why your GP swapped their white coat for a set of blue scrubs? The answer goes far beyond fashion. The shift from traditional lab coats to practical, colourful scrubs marks a major change in how healthcare professionals approach hygiene, comfort, and patient care.

This evolution reflects more than just changing styles—it’s about improving safety, building trust, and making medical environments less intimidating. Let’s explore why doctors wear scrubs today, how medical uniforms have changed over time, and what each colour and style represents.

The evolution of medical scrubs in healthcare

From traditional lab coats to modern healthcare uniforms

Historically, doctors wore long white lab coats—a symbol of cleanliness, authority, and professionalism. These coats were often modelled after the attire worn by nuns, who were among the first women to practise medicine in Europe. Over time, feedback from medical professionals revealed that these long coats were restrictive and impractical.

To meet the demands of modern healthcare, uniforms evolved. Shorter, more breathable garments became popular, eventually giving rise to today’s widely adopted medical scrubs.

Why doctors wear scrubs today

Designed for protection and practicality

Modern medical scrubs are not just a uniform—they're essential protective gear. Scrubs shield healthcare workers from splashes, bodily fluids, and contaminants, reducing the risk of spreading infections.

Originally, scrubs were worn over regular clothing, but today's designs are more advanced. Fabrics are chosen specifically for durability, breathability, and washability, ensuring both hygiene and comfort.

How scrubs improve comfort and performance

Scrub fabrics that support long shifts

Materials like polyester blends, cotton, and spandex are commonly used in scrubs to support mobility, wick away moisture, and resist wear and tear. Modern brands such as Koi Lite have integrated elements from sportswear—like stretch panels and sweat-wicking fabrics—to enhance functionality.

Colour psychology in medical uniforms

Why doctors wear blue or green scrubs in hospitals

Blue and green scrubs are commonly used in surgical settings because they reduce eye strain, mask bloodstains, and create a calming visual contrast against the red tones of the human body. These colours also became more popular due to their frequent depiction in medical TV dramas, reinforcing their association with professionalism. If you've ever spotted scrubs on your favourite series, it's no coincidence—Happythreads scrubs have even made appearances on popular medical TV shows.

The rise of colour-coded scrubs by role

Many hospitals now assign different colours to roles:

• Blue – Doctors and surgeons
• Green – Operating room staff
• Pink – Nursing staff
• Purple – Midwives
• Grey or Navy – Administrative roles

This visual system helps both patients and staff easily identify healthcare workers.

Scrubs that soothe patients

White coat syndrome—a condition where patients experience anxiety and elevated blood pressure in the presence of clinicians wearing white—has prompted many hospitals to adopt coloured scrubs instead. Softer, friendlier hues can help put patients at ease and improve communication.

Common scrub colours and their meanings

• Sky blue – Common in paediatric units; associated with calm and trust.
• Green – Ideal for surgery and emergency rooms; reduces glare and hides stains.
• Pink – Soft, calming tone often used in general care or mental health settings.
• Yellow – Uplifting and energetic; seen in maternity or rehabilitation wards.
• Navy – Professional and formal; preferred for senior consultants or private practice.

Innovative and sustainable scrubs

The impact of brands like Koi

Koi scrubs blend fashion and function, using innovative fabric technology and modern cuts. Their scrubs are known for being long-lasting, easy to wash, and ultra-comfortable—qualities healthcare professionals value highly.

Eco-friendly trends in medical attire

As sustainability becomes a higher priority, scrub brands are exploring recycled materials and ethical manufacturing. While not all ranges are eco-conscious, awareness is growing, and options are increasing for professionals seeking greener choices. At Happythreads, we’re doing our part by introducing recycled tote and laundry bags—a practical, eco-friendly solution for washing and transporting your scrubs responsibly.

The psychological power of medical uniforms

How uniforms influence perceptions of authority

Studies show that patients feel more confident in the care they receive when healthcare professionals wear recognisable uniforms. A clean, well-fitting scrub set or coat symbolises expertise, hygiene, and reassurance.

Dressing for patient comfort in mental health fields

In fields like psychiatry or counselling, professionals may avoid wearing uniforms altogether to promote equality, build trust, and reduce perceived power imbalance.

Meeting hygiene and safety standards in scrubs

What are the medical uniform regulations in the UK and EU?

Scrubs must comply with strict health and safety guidelines, including:

• Wash durability at 60°C or higher
• Hypoallergenic and non-toxic fabric use
• Resistance to tearing and contamination

Scrubs worn in surgical or infectious environments may also require CE certification or conformity with local NHS standards.

How the pandemic raised the bar

The COVID-19 pandemic redefined standards for protective medical attire. Demand surged for gowns, antimicrobial fabrics, and stricter laundering protocols—shaping how scrubs are designed and tested today.

FAQs about medical scrubs

Do doctors still wear white lab coats?

Yes, some still do, especially in academic or private settings. However, many now prefer scrubs for practical reasons and patient comfort.

Are scrubs more hygienic than everyday clothing?

Absolutely. Scrubs are made to withstand hot washes and are often changed multiple times a day, unlike regular clothes.

Can scrub colours really affect patient mood?

Yes. Calming colours like blue and green are known to reduce anxiety, especially in high-stress or paediatric environments.

What’s the difference between cheap and premium scrubs?

Premium scrubs often feature stretch fabric, better tailoring, colourfastness, and longer-lasting materials—well worth the investment for daily wear.

More than just a doctors uniform

The journey from white lab coats to colourful medical scrubs reflects a deep shift in healthcare culture—one that values comfort, hygiene, accessibility, and emotional wellbeing. Scrubs today are functional, expressive, and trusted tools in any healthcare professional’s toolkit.

As the industry continues to innovate, scrubs will keep evolving—but one thing remains constant: the right uniform has the power to protect, comfort, and inspire confidence in both wearer and patient.

Shop our trusted medical scrub and lab coats.

References

• NHS Supply Chain. (2024). NHS Healthcare Uniform Framework (2024–2029).
  
• Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust. (2024). Uniform and Workwear Policy v5.2.
  
• European Union. (2024). Regulation (EU) 2024/1938 on Standards for the Quality and Safety of Substances of Human Origin (SoHO).
  
• Pickering, T. G. (1988). White Coat Hypertension: An Overlooked Clinical Entity. 
  
• Rehman, S. U., et al. (2005). What to Wear Today? Effect of Doctor’s Attire on the Trust and Confidence of Patients.